In 1844, Wilmington businessman and landowner John Rodney Brincklé built
Gibraltar, naming it as he did because of the high, rocky prominence on
which it stands. Members of the Brincklé family lived there until 1909,
when philanthropist, preservationist, and amateur horticulturist Hugh
Rodney Sharp [1880-1968] and his wife Isabella Mathieu du Pont Sharp
[1882-1946] purchased the property. The Sharps soon began extensive
additions and renovations to the buildings and grounds, creating the
6-acre estate that exists today. Foremost among these changes was the
creation of a formal garden.
Recalling images from their frequent European travels, the Sharps hired
landscape architect Marian Cruger Coffin [1876-1957] to design Gibraltar's
formal gardens. Coffin, one of the first and most accomplished female
landscape architects in the United States, designed gardens and landscapes
along the East Coast, including Winterthur's formal gardens and the
University of Delaware's mall. Created between 1916 and 1923, Gibraltar's
garden consists of a series of garden "rooms," each with a
unique character and purpose. Hand-forged iron gates and railings and the
Sharp's collection of statuary, urns, and fountains complete the design.
A marble staircase sweeps down from the mansion to connect three
terraces. The Flagstone Terrace, paved with marble and defined by an iron
railing and exotic plants, provides a breathtaking view of the garden and
its surroundings. Just below, the Evergreen Terrace displays a variety of
evergreen shrub species as well as limestone urns and lead statues of
mythological characters. At the foot of the staircase, the Pool Terrace
features a reflecting pool, which occupies the site of the Sharp's
swimming pool. The pool is surrounded by purple and white blooms of
Chinese Wisteria in the spring and African lilies in the Summer. In the
pool, aquatic plants flourish and water splashes from the mouth of a
dolphin and cherub fountain.
A stone wall and iron railing separate the Pool Terrace from the Flower
Garden, where marble-paved paths and borders of roses and herbaceous
perennials frame a lush lawn that is accented by a fountain at the south
end and an ornate stone bench at the north end.
Wrought iron gates provide entry to the filtered shade of the Bald
Cypress Allée, where two rows of towering bald cypress trees parallel the
200-foot long walk to the Italian-style garden pavilion, with four
rose-colored marble columns, vaulted ceiling, and shallow marble fountain
with a single, elegant jet of water.
Beyond the Bald Cypress Allée, the Upper and Lower Lawns border the
curving drive to the mansion. Stately oaks and pines and original shrubs
unify these open, sloping English landscape style lawns.
Gibraltar was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in
1998. With the goal of opening the Marian Coffin Gardens to the public,
Preservation Delaware, Inc. launched a capital campaign and a major
restoration project in 1998 to return the gardens to their original
appearance. The restoration closely followed Marian Coffin's design for
the layout, ornamentation, and plantings, just as it was commissioned by
the Sharps. The project was completed in 1999 and included restoration of
the pool, fountains, ironwork, and walkways. Plantings true to Coffin's
original plans revived each "garden room." Minor changes to
paths and access routes ensure that portions of the garden are accessible
to visitors with disabilities. Today, visitors to the site may enjoy the
timeless elegance and beauty of the unique, historic gardens at Gibraltar.
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