Preservation Delaware: Protecting the Irreplaceable in the First  State

Garden History

Marian Coffin Gardens 
In 1844, Wilmington businessman and landowner John Rodney Brincklé built Gibraltar, naming it as he did because of the high, rocky prominence on which it stands. Members of the Brincklé family lived there until 1909, when philanthropist, preservationist, and amateur horticulturist Hugh Rodney Sharp [1880-1968] and his wife Isabella Mathieu du Pont Sharp [1882-1946] purchased the property. The Sharps soon began extensive additions and renovations to the buildings and grounds, creating the 6-acre estate that exists today. Foremost among these changes was the creation of a formal garden.

Historic view of Gibraltar's reflecting poolRecalling images from their frequent European travels, the Sharps hired landscape architect Marian Cruger Coffin [1876-1957] to design Gibraltar's formal gardens. Coffin, one of the first and most accomplished female landscape architects in the United States, designed gardens and landscapes along the East Coast, including Winterthur's formal gardens and the University of Delaware's mall. Created between 1916 and 1923, Gibraltar's garden consists of a series of garden "rooms," each with a unique character and purpose. Hand-forged iron gates and railings and the Sharp's collection of statuary, urns, and fountains complete the design.

A marble staircase sweeps down from the mansion to connect three terraces. The Flagstone Terrace, paved with marble and defined by an iron railing and exotic plants, provides a breathtaking view of the garden and its surroundings. Just below, the Evergreen Terrace displays a variety of evergreen shrub species as well as limestone urns and lead statues of mythological characters. At the foot of the staircase, the Pool Terrace features a reflecting pool, which occupies the site of the Sharp's swimming pool. The pool is surrounded by purple and white blooms of Chinese Wisteria in the spring and African lilies in the Summer. In the pool, aquatic plants flourish and water splashes from the mouth of a dolphin and cherub fountain.

A stone wall and iron railing separate the Pool Terrace from the Flower Garden, where marble-paved paths and borders of roses and herbaceous perennials frame a lush lawn that is accented by a fountain at the south end and an ornate stone bench at the north end.

Wrought iron gates provide entry to the filtered shade of the Bald Cypress Allée, where two rows of towering bald cypress trees parallel the 200-foot long walk to the Italian-style garden pavilion, with four rose-colored marble columns, vaulted ceiling, and shallow marble fountain with a single, elegant jet of water.
Beyond the Bald Cypress Allée, the Upper and Lower Lawns border the curving drive to the mansion. Stately oaks and pines and original shrubs unify these open, sloping English landscape style lawns.

Gibraltar was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998. With the goal of opening the Marian Coffin Gardens to the public, Preservation Delaware, Inc. launched a capital campaign and a major restoration project in 1998 to return the gardens to their original appearance. The restoration closely followed Marian Coffin's design for the layout, ornamentation, and plantings, just as it was commissioned by the Sharps. The project was completed in 1999 and included restoration of the pool, fountains, ironwork, and walkways. Plantings true to Coffin's original plans revived each "garden room." Minor changes to paths and access routes ensure that portions of the garden are accessible to visitors with disabilities. Today, visitors to the site may enjoy the timeless elegance and beauty of the unique, historic gardens at Gibraltar.